GNU Libtasn1 3.3

Libtasn1

This manual is for GNU Libtasn1 (version 3.3, 24 March 2013), which is a library for Abstract Syntax Notation One (ASN.1) and Distinguished Encoding Rules (DER) manipulation.

Copyright © 2001-2013 Free Software Foundation, Inc.

Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled “GNU Free Documentation License”.

• Introduction
• ASN.1 structure handling
• Utilities
• Function reference
• Copying Information

Indices

• Concept Index: Index of concepts and programs.
• Function and Data Index: Index of functions, variables and data types.

1 Introduction

This document describes the Libtasn1 library that provides Abstract Syntax Notation One (ASN.1, as specified by the X.680 ITU-T recommendation) parsing and structures management, and Distinguished Encoding Rules (DER, as per X.690) encoding and decoding functions.

The main features of this library are:

• On-line ASN.1 structure management that doesn't require any C code file generation.
• Off-line ASN.1 structure management with C code file generation containing an array.
• Distinguished Encoding Rules (DER) encoding support.
• No limits for INTEGER and ENUMERATED values.
• It's Free Software. Anybody can use, modify, and redistribute the library under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License version 2.1 or later. The command line tools, self-tests and build infrastructure are licensed under the GNU General Public License version 3.0 or later.
• Thread-safety. No global variables are used and multiple library handles and session handles may be used in parallel.
• Portability. The code should work on all Unix like operating systems, and Windows. The library itself should be portable to any C89 system, not even POSIX is required.

2 ASN.1 structure handling

• ASN.1 syntax
• Naming
• Simple parsing
• Library Notes
• Future developments

2.1 ASN.1 syntax

The parser is case sensitive. The comments begin with -- and end either with another --, or at the end of the respective line, whichever comes first. The C-style /*, */ comments are not supported.

For an example of the syntax, check the pkix.asn file distributed with the library.

ASN.1 definitions must follow the syntax below:

      definitions_name {<object definition>}

      DEFINITIONS <EXPLICIT or IMPLICIT> TAGS ::=

      BEGIN

      <type and constants definitions>

      END

The ::= token must be separate from other elements, so the following declaration is invalid:

        -- INCORRECT
        Version ::=INTEGER

The correct form is:

        Version ::= INTEGER

Here is the list of types that the parser can manage:

• INTEGER;
• ENUMERATED;
• BOOLEAN;
• OBJECT IDENTIFIER;
• NULL;
• BIT STRING;
• OCTET STRING;
• UTCTime;
• GeneralizedTime;
• GeneralString;
• NumericString;
• IA5String;
• TeletexString;
• PrintableString;
• UniversalString;
• BMPString;
• UTF8String;
• VisibleString;
• SEQUENCE;
• SEQUENCE OF;
• SET;
• SET OF;
• CHOICE;
• ANY;
• ANY DEFINED BY.

This version doesn't handle the REAL type. It doesn't support the AUTOMATIC TAGS option, and the EXPORT and IMPORT sections, either.

The SIZE constraints are allowed, but no check is done on them.

2.2 Naming

Consider this definition:

      Example { 1 2 3 4 }

      DEFINITIONS EXPLICIT TAGS ::=

      BEGIN

      Group ::= SEQUENCE {
         id   OBJECT IDENTIFIER,
         value  Value
      }

      Value ::= SEQUENCE {
         value1  INTEGER,
         value2  BOOLEAN
      }

      END

The notation to access the ‘Group’ type of the ‘Example’ definition above is ‘Example.Group’ (as a NUL-terminated string.) Such strings are used in the functions described below.

Others examples:

• field ‘id’ of the ‘Group’ type: ‘Example.Group.id’;
• field ‘value1’ of the ‘value’ field of the ‘Group’ type: ‘Example.Group.value.value1’.

Elements of structured types unnamed by the respective definition receive the names ?1, ?2, and so on.

The ?LAST name indicates the last element of a SET OF or SEQUENCE OF.

2.3 Simple parsing

For simple types like OCTET STRING the simple parsing functions listed below may be used instead.

• asn1_decode_simple_der
• asn1_encode_simple_der

2.4 Library Notes

The header file of this library is libtasn1.h.

The main type used in it is asn1_node, and it's used to store the ASN.1 definitions and structures (instances).

The NULL constant can be used for the variable initialization. For example:

      asn1_node definitions = NULL;

Some functions require an errorDescription argument of type char *, pointing to a pre-allocated buffer of at least ASN1_MAX_ERROR_DESCRIPTION_SIZE bytes size (e.g., as in ‘char description[ASN1_MAX_ERROR_DESCRIPTION_SIZE];’).

ASN1_MAX_NAME_SIZE is the maximum number of characters allowed for an ASN.1 identifier.

2.5 Future developments

• Add functions for a C code file generation containing equivalent data structures (not a single array like now).
• The REAL type.

3 Utilities

• Invoking asn1Parser
• Invoking asn1Coding
• Invoking asn1Decoding

3.1 Invoking asn1Parser

asn1Parser reads a single file with ASN.1 definitions and generates a file with an array to use with libtasn1 functions.

Usage:  asn1Parser [options] file

Options:
 -h : shows the help message.
 -v : shows version information and exit.
 -c : checks the syntax only.
 -o file : output file.
 -n name : array name.

3.2 Invoking asn1Coding

asn1Coding generates a DER encoding from a file with ASN.1 definitions and another one with assignments.

The file with assignments must have this syntax:

InstanceName  Asn1Definition

nameString  value

nameString  value
...

To specify the field of a CHOICE to be used, specify its name as a value to the CHOICE element itself. Use '' to denote the root element itself. (as in the example below.)

The output file is a binary file with the DER encoding.

Usage:  asn1Coding [options] file1 file2
 file1 : file with ASN1 definitions.
 file2 : file with assignments.
Options:
 -h : shows the help message.
 -v : shows version information and exit.
 -c : checks the syntax only.
 -o file : output file.

For example, consider an ASN.1 definitions file as follows:

PKIX1 { }

DEFINITIONS IMPLICIT TAGS ::=

BEGIN

Dss-Sig-Value ::= SEQUENCE {
     r       INTEGER,
     s       INTEGER
}

END

And a assignments file as follows:

dp PKIX1.Dss-Sig-Value

r 42
s 47

Running the command below will generate a assign.out file, containing the DER encoding of PKIX1.Dss-Sig-Value.

$ asn1Coding pkix.asn assign.asn1

If the root element is of the CHOICE type, the assignment file may be like (using the types defined in pkix.asn):

elt PKIX1Implicit88.GeneralName

''      dNSName
dNSName example.org

3.3 Invoking asn1Decoding

asn1Decoding generates an ASN.1 structure from a file with ASN.1 definitions and a binary file with a DER encoding.

Usage:  asn1Decoding [options] file1 file2 type
 file1 : file with ASN1 definitions.
 file2 : binary file with a DER encoding.
 type : ASN1 definition name.
Options:
 -h : shows the help message.
 -v : shows version information and exit.
 -o file : output file.

For example, after generating the assign.out file from the example section of the asn1Coding command above, the following invocation will decode the DER data.

$ asn1Decoding pkix.asn assign.out PKIX1.Dss-Sig-Value

4 Function reference

• ASN.1 schema functions
• ASN.1 field functions
• DER functions
• Error handling functions
• Auxilliary functions

4.1 ASN.1 schema functions

asn1_parser2tree

asn1_parser2array

4.2 ASN.1 field functions

asn1_array2tree

asn1_delete_structure

asn1_delete_element

asn1_create_element

asn1_print_structure

asn1_number_of_elements

asn1_find_structure_from_oid

asn1_copy_node

asn1_write_value

asn1_read_value

asn1_read_value_type

asn1_read_tag

asn1_read_node_value

4.3 DER functions

asn1_length_der

asn1_octet_der

asn1_encode_simple_der

asn1_bit_der

asn1_der_coding

asn1_get_length_der

asn1_get_tag_der

asn1_get_length_ber

asn1_get_octet_der

asn1_get_bit_der

asn1_der_decoding

asn1_der_decoding_element

asn1_der_decoding_startEnd

asn1_expand_any_defined_by

asn1_expand_octet_string

asn1_decode_simple_der

4.4 Error handling functions

asn1_perror

asn1_strerror

4.5 Auxilliary functions

asn1_find_node

asn1_check_version

Appendix A Copying Information

• GNU Free Documentation License: License for copying this manual.

A.1 GNU Free Documentation License

     Copyright © 2000, 2001, 2002, 2007, 2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
     http://fsf.org/
     
     Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
     of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.

0. PREAMBLE

   The purpose of this License is to make a manual, textbook, or other functional and useful document free in the sense of freedom: to assure everyone the effective freedom to copy and redistribute it, with or without modifying it, either commercially or noncommercially. Secondarily, this License preserves for the author and publisher a way to get credit for their work, while not being considered responsible for modifications made by others.

   This License is a kind of “copyleft”, which means that derivative works of the document must themselves be free in the same sense. It complements the GNU General Public License, which is a copyleft license designed for free software.

   We have designed this License in order to use it for manuals for free software, because free software needs free documentation: a free program should come with manuals providing the same freedoms that the software does. But this License is not limited to software manuals; it can be used for any textual work, regardless of subject matter or whether it is published as a printed book. We recommend this License principally for works whose purpose is instruction or reference.

1. APPLICABILITY AND DEFINITIONS

   This License applies to any manual or other work, in any medium, that contains a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it can be distributed under the terms of this License. Such a notice grants a world-wide, royalty-free license, unlimited in duration, to use that work under the conditions stated herein. The “Document”, below, refers to any such manual or work. Any member of the public is a licensee, and is addressed as “you”. You accept the license if you copy, modify or distribute the work in a way requiring permission under copyright law.

   A “Modified Version” of the Document means any work containing the Document or a portion of it, either copied verbatim, or with modifications and/or translated into another language.

   A “Secondary Section” is a named appendix or a front-matter section of the Document that deals exclusively with the relationship of the publishers or authors of the Document to the Document's overall subject (or to related matters) and contains nothing that could fall directly within that overall subject. (Thus, if the Document is in part a textbook of mathematics, a Secondary Section may not explain any mathematics.) The relationship could be a matter of historical connection with the subject or with related matters, or of legal, commercial, philosophical, ethical or political position regarding them.

   The “Invariant Sections” are certain Secondary Sections whose titles are designated, as being those of Invariant Sections, in the notice that says that the Document is released under this License. If a section does not fit the above definition of Secondary then it is not allowed to be designated as Invariant. The Document may contain zero Invariant Sections. If the Document does not identify any Invariant Sections then there are none.

   The “Cover Texts” are certain short passages of text that are listed, as Front-Cover Texts or Back-Cover Texts, in the notice that says that the Document is released under this License. A Front-Cover Text may be at most 5 words, and a Back-Cover Text may be at most 25 words.

   A “Transparent” copy of the Document means a machine-readable copy, represented in a format whose specification is available to the general public, that is suitable for revising the document straightforwardly with generic text editors or (for images composed of pixels) generic paint programs or (for drawings) some widely available drawing editor, and that is suitable for input to text formatters or for automatic translation to a variety of formats suitable for input to text formatters. A copy made in an otherwise Transparent file format whose markup, or absence of markup, has been arranged to thwart or discourage subsequent modification by readers is not Transparent. An image format is not Transparent if used for any substantial amount of text. A copy that is not “Transparent” is called “Opaque”.

   Examples of suitable formats for Transparent copies include plain ASCII without markup, Texinfo input format, LaTeX input format, SGML or XML using a publicly available DTD, and standard-conforming simple HTML, PostScript or PDF designed for human modification. Examples of transparent image formats include PNG, XCF and JPG. Opaque formats include proprietary formats that can be read and edited only by proprietary word processors, SGML or XML for which the DTD and/or processing tools are not generally available, and the machine-generated HTML, PostScript or PDF produced by some word processors for output purposes only.

   The “Title Page” means, for a printed book, the title page itself, plus such following pages as are needed to hold, legibly, the material this License requires to appear in the title page. For works in formats which do not have any title page as such, “Title Page” means the text near the most prominent appearance of the work's title, preceding the beginning of the body of the text.

   The “publisher” means any person or entity that distributes copies of the Document to the public.

   A section “Entitled XYZ” means a named subunit of the Document whose title either is precisely XYZ or contains XYZ in parentheses following text that translates XYZ in another language. (Here XYZ stands for a specific section name mentioned below, such as “Acknowledgements”, “Dedications”, “Endorsements”, or “History”.) To “Preserve the Title” of such a section when you modify the Document means that it remains a section “Entitled XYZ” according to this definition.

   The Document may include Warranty Disclaimers next to the notice which states that this License applies to the Document. These Warranty Disclaimers are considered to be included by reference in this License, but only as regards disclaiming warranties: any other implication that these Warranty Disclaimers may have is void and has no effect on the meaning of this License.

2. VERBATIM COPYING

   You may copy and distribute the Document in any medium, either commercially or noncommercially, provided that this License, the copyright notices, and the license notice saying this License applies to the Document are reproduced in all copies, and that you add no other conditions whatsoever to those of this License. You may not use technical measures to obstruct or control the reading or further copying of the copies you make or distribute. However, you may accept compensation in exchange for copies. If you distribute a large enough number of copies you must also follow the conditions in section 3.

   You may also lend copies, under the same conditions stated above, and you may publicly display copies.

3. COPYING IN QUANTITY

   If you publish printed copies (or copies in media that commonly have printed covers) of the Document, numbering more than 100, and the Document's license notice requires Cover Texts, you must enclose the copies in covers that carry, clearly and legibly, all these Cover Texts: Front-Cover Texts on the front cover, and Back-Cover Texts on the back cover. Both covers must also clearly and legibly identify you as the publisher of these copies. The front cover must present the full title with all words of the title equally prominent and visible. You may add other material on the covers in addition. Copying with changes limited to the covers, as long as they preserve the title of the Document and satisfy these conditions, can be treated as verbatim copying in other respects.

   If the required texts for either cover are too voluminous to fit legibly, you should put the first ones listed (as many as fit reasonably) on the actual cover, and continue the rest onto adjacent pages.

   If you publish or distribute Opaque copies of the Document numbering more than 100, you must either include a machine-readable Transparent copy along with each Opaque copy, or state in or with each Opaque copy a computer-network location from which the general network-using public has access to download using public-standard network protocols a complete Transparent copy of the Document, free of added material. If you use the latter option, you must take reasonably prudent steps, when you begin distribution of Opaque copies in quantity, to ensure that this Transparent copy will remain thus accessible at the stated location until at least one year after the last time you distribute an Opaque copy (directly or through your agents or retailers) of that edition to the public.

   It is requested, but not required, that you contact the authors of the Document well before redistributing any large number of copies, to give them a chance to provide you with an updated version of the Document.

4. MODIFICATIONS

   You may copy and distribute a Modified Version of the Document under the conditions of sections 2 and 3 above, provided that you release the Modified Version under precisely this License, with the Modified Version filling the role of the Document, thus licensing distribution and modification of the Modified Version to whoever possesses a copy of it. In addition, you must do these things in the Modified Version:

   1. Use in the Title Page (and on the covers, if any) a title distinct from that of the Document, and from those of previous versions (which should, if there were any, be listed in the History section of the Document). You may use the same title as a previous version if the original publisher of that version gives permission.
   2. List on the Title Page, as authors, one or more persons or entities responsible for authorship of the modifications in the Modified Version, together with at least five of the principal authors of the Document (all of its principal authors, if it has fewer than five), unless they release you from this requirement.
   3. State on the Title page the name of the publisher of the Modified Version, as the publisher.
   4. Preserve all the copyright notices of the Document.
   5. Add an appropriate copyright notice for your modifications adjacent to the other copyright notices.
   6. Include, immediately after the copyright notices, a license notice giving the public permission to use the Modified Version under the terms of this License, in the form shown in the Addendum below.
   7. Preserve in that license notice the full lists of Invariant Sections and required Cover Texts given in the Document's license notice.
   8. Include an unaltered copy of this License.
   9. Preserve the section Entitled “History”, Preserve its Title, and add to it an item stating at least the title, year, new authors, and publisher of the Modified Version as given on the Title Page. If there is no section Entitled “History” in the Document, create one stating the title, year, authors, and publisher of the Document as given on its Title Page, then add an item describing the Modified Version as stated in the previous sentence.
   10. Preserve the network location, if any, given in the Document for public access to a Transparent copy of the Document, and likewise the network locations given in the Document for previous versions it was based on. These may be placed in the “History” section. You may omit a network location for a work that was published at least four years before the Document itself, or if the original publisher of the version it refers to gives permission.
   11. For any section Entitled “Acknowledgements” or “Dedications”, Preserve the Title of the section, and preserve in the section all the substance and tone of each of the contributor acknowledgements and/or dedications given therein.
   12. Preserve all the Invariant Sections of the Document, unaltered in their text and in their titles. Section numbers or the equivalent are not considered part of the section titles.
   13. Delete any section Entitled “Endorsements”. Such a section may not be included in the Modified Version.
   14. Do not retitle any existing section to be Entitled “Endorsements” or to conflict in title with any Invariant Section.
   15. Preserve any Warranty Disclaimers.

   If the Modified Version includes new front-matter sections or appendices that qualify as Secondary Sections and contain no material copied from the Document, you may at your option designate some or all of these sections as invariant. To do this, add their titles to the list of Invariant Sections in the Modified Version's license notice. These titles must be distinct from any other section titles.

   You may add a section Entitled “Endorsements”, provided it contains nothing but endorsements of your Modified Version by various parties—for example, statements of peer review or that the text has been approved by an organization as the authoritative definition of a standard.

   You may add a passage of up to five words as a Front-Cover Text, and a passage of up to 25 words as a Back-Cover Text, to the end of the list of Cover Texts in the Modified Version. Only one passage of Front-Cover Text and one of Back-Cover Text may be added by (or through arrangements made by) any one entity. If the Document already includes a cover text for the same cover, previously added by you or by arrangement made by the same entity you are acting on behalf of, you may not add another; but you may replace the old one, on explicit permission from the previous publisher that added the old one.

   The author(s) and publisher(s) of the Document do not by this License give permission to use their names for publicity for or to assert or imply endorsement of any Modified Version.

5. COMBINING DOCUMENTS

   You may combine the Document with other documents released under this License, under the terms defined in section 4 above for modified versions, provided that you include in the combination all of the Invariant Sections of all of the original documents, unmodified, and list them all as Invariant Sections of your combined work in its license notice, and that you preserve all their Warranty Disclaimers.

   The combined work need only contain one copy of this License, and multiple identical Invariant Sections may be replaced with a single copy. If there are multiple Invariant Sections with the same name but different contents, make the title of each such section unique by adding at the end of it, in parentheses, the name of the original author or publisher of that section if known, or else a unique number. Make the same adjustment to the section titles in the list of Invariant Sections in the license notice of the combined work.

   In the combination, you must combine any sections Entitled “History” in the various original documents, forming one section Entitled “History”; likewise combine any sections Entitled “Acknowledgements”, and any sections Entitled “Dedications”. You must delete all sections Entitled “Endorsements.”

6. COLLECTIONS OF DOCUMENTS

   You may make a collection consisting of the Document and other documents released under this License, and replace the individual copies of this License in the various documents with a single copy that is included in the collection, provided that you follow the rules of this License for verbatim copying of each of the documents in all other respects.

   You may extract a single document from such a collection, and distribute it individually under this License, provided you insert a copy of this License into the extracted document, and follow this License in all other respects regarding verbatim copying of that document.

7. AGGREGATION WITH INDEPENDENT WORKS

   A compilation of the Document or its derivatives with other separate and independent documents or works, in or on a volume of a storage or distribution medium, is called an “aggregate” if the copyright resulting from the compilation is not used to limit the legal rights of the compilation's users beyond what the individual works permit. When the Document is included in an aggregate, this License does not apply to the other works in the aggregate which are not themselves derivative works of the Document.

   If the Cover Text requirement of section 3 is applicable to these copies of the Document, then if the Document is less than one half of the entire aggregate, the Document's Cover Texts may be placed on covers that bracket the Document within the aggregate, or the electronic equivalent of covers if the Document is in electronic form. Otherwise they must appear on printed covers that bracket the whole aggregate.

8. TRANSLATION

   Translation is considered a kind of modification, so you may distribute translations of the Document under the terms of section 4. Replacing Invariant Sections with translations requires special permission from their copyright holders, but you may include translations of some or all Invariant Sections in addition to the original versions of these Invariant Sections. You may include a translation of this License, and all the license notices in the Document, and any Warranty Disclaimers, provided that you also include the original English version of this License and the original versions of those notices and disclaimers. In case of a disagreement between the translation and the original version of this License or a notice or disclaimer, the original version will prevail.

   If a section in the Document is Entitled “Acknowledgements”, “Dedications”, or “History”, the requirement (section 4) to Preserve its Title (section 1) will typically require changing the actual title.

9. TERMINATION

   You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Document except as expressly provided under this License. Any attempt otherwise to copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute it is void, and will automatically terminate your rights under this License.

   However, if you cease all violation of this License, then your license from a particular copyright holder is reinstated (a) provisionally, unless and until the copyright holder explicitly and finally terminates your license, and (b) permanently, if the copyright holder fails to notify you of the violation by some reasonable means prior to 60 days after the cessation.

   Moreover, your license from a particular copyright holder is reinstated permanently if the copyright holder notifies you of the violation by some reasonable means, this is the first time you have received notice of violation of this License (for any work) from that copyright holder, and you cure the violation prior to 30 days after your receipt of the notice.

   Termination of your rights under this section does not terminate the licenses of parties who have received copies or rights from you under this License. If your rights have been terminated and not permanently reinstated, receipt of a copy of some or all of the same material does not give you any rights to use it.

10. FUTURE REVISIONS OF THIS LICENSE

    The Free Software Foundation may publish new, revised versions of the GNU Free Documentation License from time to time. Such new versions will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to address new problems or concerns. See http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/.

    Each version of the License is given a distinguishing version number. If the Document specifies that a particular numbered version of this License “or any later version” applies to it, you have the option of following the terms and conditions either of that specified version or of any later version that has been published (not as a draft) by the Free Software Foundation. If the Document does not specify a version number of this License, you may choose any version ever published (not as a draft) by the Free Software Foundation. If the Document specifies that a proxy can decide which future versions of this License can be used, that proxy's public statement of acceptance of a version permanently authorizes you to choose that version for the Document.

11. RELICENSING

    “Massive Multiauthor Collaboration Site” (or “MMC Site”) means any World Wide Web server that publishes copyrightable works and also provides prominent facilities for anybody to edit those works. A public wiki that anybody can edit is an example of such a server. A “Massive Multiauthor Collaboration” (or “MMC”) contained in the site means any set of copyrightable works thus published on the MMC site.

    “CC-BY-SA” means the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 license published by Creative Commons Corporation, a not-for-profit corporation with a principal place of business in San Francisco, California, as well as future copyleft versions of that license published by that same organization.

    “Incorporate” means to publish or republish a Document, in whole or in part, as part of another Document.

    An MMC is “eligible for relicensing” if it is licensed under this License, and if all works that were first published under this License somewhere other than this MMC, and subsequently incorporated in whole or in part into the MMC, (1) had no cover texts or invariant sections, and (2) were thus incorporated prior to November 1, 2008.

    The operator of an MMC Site may republish an MMC contained in the site under CC-BY-SA on the same site at any time before August 1, 2009, provided the MMC is eligible for relicensing.

ADDENDUM: How to use this License for your documents

To use this License in a document you have written, include a copy of the License in the document and put the following copyright and license notices just after the title page:

       Copyright (C)  year  your name.
       Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
       under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3
       or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation;
       with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover
       Texts.  A copy of the license is included in the section entitled ``GNU
       Free Documentation License''.

If you have Invariant Sections, Front-Cover Texts and Back-Cover Texts, replace the “with...Texts.” line with this:

         with the Invariant Sections being list their titles, with
         the Front-Cover Texts being list, and with the Back-Cover Texts
         being list.

If you have Invariant Sections without Cover Texts, or some other combination of the three, merge those two alternatives to suit the situation.

If your document contains nontrivial examples of program code, we recommend releasing these examples in parallel under your choice of free software license, such as the GNU General Public License, to permit their use in free software.

Concept Index

• ASN.1 schema: ASN.1 syntax
• asn1Coding program: Invoking asn1Coding
• asn1Decoding program: Invoking asn1Decoding
• asn1Parser program: Invoking asn1Parser
• FDL, GNU Free Documentation License: GNU Free Documentation License
• Future developments: Future developments
• Header file libtasn1.h: Library Notes
• Main type asn1_node: Library Notes
• Porting: Introduction
• Supported ASN.1 types, list of: ASN.1 syntax
• threads: Introduction

Function and Data Index

• asn1_array2tree: ASN.1 field functions
• asn1_bit_der: DER functions
• asn1_check_version: Auxilliary functions
• asn1_copy_node: ASN.1 field functions
• asn1_create_element: ASN.1 field functions
• asn1_decode_simple_der: DER functions
• asn1_delete_element: ASN.1 field functions
• asn1_delete_structure: ASN.1 field functions
• asn1_der_coding: DER functions
• asn1_der_decoding: DER functions
• asn1_der_decoding_element: DER functions
• asn1_der_decoding_startEnd: DER functions
• asn1_encode_simple_der: DER functions
• asn1_expand_any_defined_by: DER functions
• asn1_expand_octet_string: DER functions
• asn1_find_node: Auxilliary functions
• asn1_find_structure_from_oid: ASN.1 field functions
• asn1_get_bit_der: DER functions
• asn1_get_length_ber: DER functions
• asn1_get_length_der: DER functions
• asn1_get_octet_der: DER functions
• asn1_get_tag_der: DER functions
• asn1_length_der: DER functions
• asn1_number_of_elements: ASN.1 field functions
• asn1_octet_der: DER functions
• asn1_parser2array: ASN.1 schema functions
• asn1_parser2tree: ASN.1 schema functions
• asn1_perror: Error handling functions
• asn1_print_structure: ASN.1 field functions
• asn1_read_node_value: ASN.1 field functions
• asn1_read_tag: ASN.1 field functions
• asn1_read_value: ASN.1 field functions
• asn1_read_value_type: ASN.1 field functions
• asn1_strerror: Error handling functions
• asn1_write_value: ASN.1 field functions